Now We Have an Action Plan for Child Care in Ontario, Where Should the Money Go?

by Chen Wang  |  April 24, 2018

A 2.2 billion five-year action plan was rolled out last year in Ontario, aiming to create more child care spaces with a better affordability. The promise of free child care for preschoolers starting in 2020, was also made by Ontario Premier Kathleen Wynne as part of the pre-election budget.

This is a good news for many people, even for me as a new Master’s graduate who has many things lining up before having a baby based on my personal plan. The impression of Ontario’s high child care expenses is long-standing. It could come from the anxiety when read the report that only 20 per cent of families with one child can afford licensed child care in Ontario or the vulnerability of the people in our life catching on the dilemma of going back to work or staying at home.

However, affordability is just part of the child care story. While parents in cities complain about licensed child care being too expensive, those in rural areas said centres are too far away. It is understandable that resources are more concentrated in certain areas than the others as the population of the divisions of Ontario vary a lot. Inspired by the Pudding’s amazing work on the accessibility to abortion clinics in the United States, I set out on this story by measuring the length of driving time to the nearest child care (temporarily set aside the match of a kid’s age and the child care’s target age group) to take a peek at how divided the challenge we are facing.




Northern Ontario Has Lower Accessibility to Child Care

If we use shades to represent the magnitude of the length of commuting time, the distribution of colors getting increasingly darker from southern to northern Ontario should not be a surprise due to the vast disparities among Ontario's different regions. Among the 49 census divisions, Kenora District, which has the lowest population density in Ontario of 0.2 people per square meter, ranks the last on this day care accessibility list.









Accessibility in Population Centers is Overall Satisfying

To take a look at the resource allocation for child care centers through the lens of population density, population centers are included to our map. The majority of the population centers are located in the light-colored area, indicating a good access to child care service.














Five Underserved Population Centers in Northern Ontario

However, there are still 5 population centers, out of 270 in total, having the nearest child care facility more than 50 kilometers away from them. All of them are in northern Ontario. They are Atlkokon, Terrance Bay, Marathon, Chapleau, and Factory Island.










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Methodologies:

  1. Data collection:

    The initial analysis extent for this project was all the provinces in Canada, for the purpose of covering more readers and the hypothesis that child care service varies significantly across Canada. However, as I rolled out my process of data collection, I found child care-related data sets are not available for downloading and also stored in different database structures. Given the limited capacity I had, analysis extent was scaled down and focuses on Ontario, the province of the biggest population in Canada. The dataset of licensed child care in Ontario is available on Ontario Ministry of Education’s website.

  2. Ontario Population Projection Update 2016-2041, Ontario Ministry of Finance

  3. Ontario Population Projection Update 2016-2041, Ontario Ministry of Finance